India’s digital future took a decisive step forward on December 15, 2025, with the unveiling of DHRUV64 — the country’s first
fully indigenously developed 64-bit, dual-core microprocessor. More than just a new chip, DHRUV64 represents India’s intent
to move from being a major consumer of semiconductor technology to a confident creator and controller of it.
Developed by Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) ,the processor is a flagship outcome
of the Digital India RISC-V (DIR-V) programme. Its foundation on the open-source RISC-V architecture makes it especially significant in a world where chip design is often locked behind foreign licenses and proprietary controls. it focuses on areas where stability, security, and domestic ownership matter most.
Core Technical Highlights
64-bit dual-core architecture, enabling modern operating systems and complex workloads Clock speed up to 1.0 GHz, suitable for embedded and industrial computing RISC-V instruction set, eliminating license fees and vendor lock-in28 nm fabrication process, chosen for maturity, yield stability, and ecosystem support Superscalar execution and out-of-order processing, improving multitasking and efficiency
FCBGA (Flip-Chip Ball Grid Array) packaging, ensuring durability for long-life deployments
These features position DHRUV64 as a dependable processor for systems that must operate continuously, securely, and predictably.
Designed for Real-World, High-Impact Applications. The processor can power routers, switches, and telecom control systems,
helping India build and maintain self-reliant communication networks. From factory controllers to robotics and monitoring systems,
DHRUV64 supports automation environments where downtime is costly and unacceptable. As vehicles become increasingly software-driven,
the processor can be used in electronic control units (ECUs) and sensor-processing modules. Its 64-bit capability and efficient design
make it suitable for edge devices, smart sensors, and industrial IoT gateways. Perhaps its most important role lies here — enabling
trusted hardware for defense, power grids, transport systems, and other critical national infrastructure.
India consumes a large share of the world’s semiconductors but has historically relied on foreign designs. DHRUV64 marks a shift toward
long-term technological self-reliance, reducing exposure to global supply-chain disruptions. By using an open instruction set and domestic design,India gains greater confidence in the security and integrity of systems used in sensitive environments.DHRUV64 builds on earlier efforts such as THEJAS32 and THEJAS64, and it opens the door to more powerful future designs. Upcoming processors like Dhanush (1.2 GHz) and Dhanush+ (2 GHz) are expected to push performance further while staying aligned with India’s indigenous chip strategy.
Together, these projects signal the emergence of a sustainable domestic processor ecosystem, spanning research, design,
validation, and real-world deployment. DHRUV64 is not just silicon etched at 28 nanometers — it is a statement of intent. It shows that India is ready to design its own digital foundations, secure its critical systems, and empower its innovators with sovereign technology.
